Convergen rítmicamente los hablantes? Estudio sobre las propiedades segmentales temporales en el alemán de Zúrich y del cantón de Grisón antes y después de las interacciones dialógicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2021.078Palabras clave:
convergencia fonética, ritmo, dialectos en contacto, producción del hablaResumen
Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que examina si los rasgos rítmicos vinculados con las características temporales segmentales sufren adaptaciones por parte del locutor después de cierta exposición con un interlocutor. En un contexto de dialectos en contacto, es importante comprender la aportación del estudio de las propiedades rítmicas al campo de la variación y cambio de lengua. En un contexto de interacción persona-ordenador, esto puede beneficiar el diseño de sistemas de diálogos que logren un habla casi nativa. Para estudiar la acomodación rítmica, se seleccionó un corpus de grabaciones recopiladas antes y después de un diálogo entre 18 pares de locutores de alemán del cantón de Grisón y de alemán de Zúrich (de ahora en adelante, GRG y ZHG), dos dialectos suizo-alemanes que se caracterizan por sus diferencias segmentales y suprasegmentales. Para cuantificar la convergencia rítmica, se usaron tres medidas basadas en las diferencias temporales segmentales entre los dos dialectos. Se comparó la distancia euclidiana para las tres medidas entre locutores GRG y ZHG antes y después de dos interacciones. Los resultados revelan que los miembros del par no cambian significativamente la producción de sus características rítmicas temporales después del diálogo. Ningún factor lingüístico o social permite explicar el patrón de acomodación que se observa. Las diferencias rítmicas temporales inter-dialectos, que se capturan con las tres medidas, son o demasiado robustas contra la influencia del comportamiento rítmico de los interlocutores, o demasiado sutiles para ser percibidas o recordadas después de las interacciones.
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